“The widespread decline in cardiovascular mortality: a poorly understood triumph” by Professor David Leon

One of the most remarkable epidemiological phenomenon of the past 50 years has been the steep reduction in mortality from cardiovascular disease that has been observed in almost all countries with good vital statistics data.  The decline started in all countries roughly at the same time (early 1960s - mid-1970s) and continues to this day. It is however challenging to understand. The decline shows several distinct features. Firstly, it occurred earlier  among women compared to men.

Secondly it occurred in all age groups simultaneously. Thirdly, the declines occurred against a mixed background of declining and increasing risk factors and increasingly effective interventions in primary and secondary prevention. This lecture will review what we know about this amazing effect and consider various approaches to understanding it."