| Chemical |
Typical source |
Routine personal health examination |
Health examination based on identified need
Undertaken in response to periodic or project-based exposure, incidents, or reported symptoms
|
| quartz dust and stone dust |
concrete work, masonry, sandblasting, and rock excavation |
spirometry |
spirometry and, where relevant, chest X-ray in cases of high exposure or accidental exposure incidents |
| wood dust (particularly hardwood dust) |
workshop activities, sawing, and grinding |
spirometry in case of regular exposure |
spirometry in cases of symptoms or increased exposure |
| welding fumes/metal fumes |
welding, grinding, and pipefitting |
spirometry and, where relevant, blood metal screening |
spirometry and blood metal screening following accidental exposure incidents |
| isocyanates (epoxy products, paints, and polyurethane foam) |
construction work, laboratory work, and workshop activities |
spirometry |
spirometry in cases of symptoms or accidental leaks |
| organic sovents |
cleaning, painting, and laboratory work |
urinary and/or blood metabolite testing only in cases of high or prolonged exposure |
urinary and/or blood metabolite testing following accidental exposure incidents |
| heavy metals |
laboratory work, workshop activities, and maintenance work |
routine blood tests for relevant metals |
blood testing following unintended exposure incidents |
| pesticides/pest control products containing organophosphates or carbamates |
operations, laboratory work |
not routinely required for low exposure levels. Cholinesterase testing may be carried out in cases of high exposure |
Chlolinesterase testing following accidental exposure incidents |
| formaldehyde/aldehydes |
laboratory work and cleaning activities |
no routine screening recommended |
spirometry and/or sumptom assessment following exposure |
| petroleum products (diesel, benzene, PAHs) |
workshop activities andoperational work |
no routine screening recommended |
urinary testing for PAH metabolites and/or blood testing following accidental exposure incidents |
| gases (CO, H2S, NOx, ozone) |
technical operations and maintenance, laboratory work |
no routine screening recommended |
acute blood testing following exposure incidents |
| Cleaning agents (aerosols/respiratory irritants) |
cleaning services and operational work |
no routine screening recommended |
spirometry in cases of symptoms or overexposure |
| Corrosive chemicals (acids and bases) |
laboratory work and cleaning activities |
no routine screening recommended |
clinical assessment following exposure |
| organic dust (flour, grain dust) |
catering services, laboratory work, and teaching activities |
spirometry for workers with regular exposure |
spirometry in cases of symptoms |